The Hidden Key to Neurorepair: Can the Centrosome Be Reactivated?

الملخص

Neurodegenerative diseases and nervous system injuries remain among the most challenging medical conditions due to the limited regenerative capacity of neurons. Unlike most somatic cells, neurons are post-mitotic, largely attributed to the absence or inactivation of the centrosome, a key organelle in cell division. Given recent advances in molecular genetics and cellular reprogramming, We propose that reactivating the centrosome in neurons could serve as a novel approach to neural repair, potentially opening new therapeutic pathways for currently incurable neurological disorders.

The centrosome plays a crucial role in microtubule organization, mitotic spindle formation, and cell cycle progression. In neurons, the centrosome is known to lose its functional capacity early in development, rendering these cells unable to re-enter the cell cycle [1, 2]. Several studies have indicated that manipulating key regulators of the cell cycle, such as cyclins, CDKs (cyclin-dependent kinases), and tumor suppressor genes (e.g., p53 and Rb), can induce cell cycle re-entry in post-mitotic cells, albeit often leading to apoptosis [3]. However, a controlled and precise reactivation of the centrosome could potentially bypass apoptotic pathways and facilitate neurogenesis.