Insights into Breastfeeding: A Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Mothers in Hilla Governorate, Iraq

Insights into Breastfeeding

Abstract

Background: Breastfeeding is a critical public health action that significantly impacts maternal and infant health. Despite recommendations from WHO and UNICEF for early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding for six months, many countries struggle to meet these goals. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to breastfeeding among mothers in Hilla Governorate, Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the pediatric department of Imam Sadiq Hospital in Babylon City from November 2024 to March 2025. 100 postpartum mothers with infants under one year were randomly selected. Data was collected using a questionnaire based on WHO KAP surveys and previous studies. The survey assessed demographics and breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results: Most mothers were urban (53%), unemployed (95%), and aged 20-25 years (35%). All mothers engaged in breastfeeding, with 60% initiating within one hour of birth. Knowledge levels were high, with nearly all mothers recognizing the importance of colostrum and breastfeeding. However, only 65% agreed to continue exclusive breastfeeding for six months, and 50% for two years. Attitudes were generally positive, with all mothers recommending breastfeeding. Practices varied, with all mothers acknowledging the importance of proper nutrition and bonding during breastfeeding. Conclusions: While overall knowledge and attitudes towards breastfeeding were positive among mothers in Hilla Governorate, gaps in specific practices and duration of exclusive breastfeeding were identified. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address misconceptions, improve support systems, and enhance breastfeeding practices to align with WHO recommendations and improve maternal and infant health outcomes in the region.